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Combustion Devices

Combustion Devices designs, manufactures, and tests the injector, chamber, and nozzle that turn propellant into thrust. We bring together analysis and hands-on work to build hardware for the extreme conditions inside a liquid rocket engine.

Engine cross-section showing the injector assembly, chamber, narrow throat, and expanding nozzle.
01Combustion Devices owns the engine itself: the injector that meters and mixes propellant, the chamber where it burns, and the throat and nozzle that turn that pressure into thrust. Sizing any of them means working backwards from the rocket's performance goals through the propellants, the operating pressure, and the heat the hardware has to survive.
Line plot of ambient specific impulse against mixture ratio, with a separate curve for each nozzle expansion ratio between 3.3 and 5.8.
02That sizing starts as a trade study. Ambient specific impulse swept against mixture ratio, one curve per nozzle expansion ratio, is how a performance target turns into a chamber pressure and a nozzle worth machining.
Dimensioned shop drawing of the ablative engine nozzle washer, with a plan view, two section views, and an isometric in a Duke AERO title block.
03Analysis ends in a dimensioned drawing. Current development centres on an ablative chamber built for rapid testing — a liner that gradually wears away, carrying combustion heat off the chamber wall with it.
A student operating a lathe while machining a metal part in the shop.
04We manufacture our own hardware. Chamber and nozzle components are turned and milled in the shared shop rather than ordered in, which keeps the distance from a CAD change to a part in hand short enough to iterate on.
A cylindrical metal workpiece with machined grooves held in a lathe chuck.
05A component held in the lathe chuck, faced and grooved. Bore, wall thickness, and surface finish are settled here rather than in CAD, and they decide whether a part seats square and whether a joint holds pressure.
Close-up of concentric machined steps and tool marks on a metal component.
06Concentric steps cut into a finished face, tool marks still on the metal. Detail at this scale is what a drawing has to specify and what the shop has to hit for the assembly above it to go together at all.
Machined engine hardware bolted to a vertical test-stand support in the shop.
07Engine hardware bolted to the test stand. Beyond the engine we build the igniter, the stand, and the water deluge that limits exhaust damage — and we work with Fluid Systems and Electrical & Controls to match the engine to its propellant supply and its firing sequence.